ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The overall purpose of this study was to investigate the role of cytochrome C oxidase (CcO) in preventing ischemia reperfusion-induced cardiac injury through gaseous signaling molecule pathways. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We used CcO inhibitor, potassium cyanide (KCN) to mimic the pre-treatment of gaseous signaling molecules in a global ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury model in rats. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) was determined by measuring mitochondrial H2O2 and mitochondrial complex activity. RESULTS: KCN pre-treatment led to decreased infarction area after IR injury and improved cardiac function. KCN pre-treated group challenged with IR injury was associated with reduced ROS production through inhibition of activity and not downregulation of CcO expression. In addition, KCN pre-treatment was associated with enhanced expression and activity of mitochondrial antioxidase, suggesting the role of CcO in regulating IR injury through oxidative stress. CONCLUSION: KCN pre-treatment reduced the severity of IR injury. The potential mechanism could be increased endogenous anti-oxidase activity and consequently, the enhanced clearance of ROS.
Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Cytochromes c , Cytochromes , Down-Regulation , Electron Transport Complex IV , Infarction , Ischemia , Mitochondria , Myocardial Infarction , Oxidative Stress , Potassium Cyanide , Reactive Oxygen Species , Reperfusion InjuryABSTRACT
Objective To compare the efficacy of bowel-cleansing,patients′compliance, tolerability and side effects of different doses of polyethylene glycol(PEG)electrolyte solution for colonoscopy preparation.Methods Single-blind prospective randomized trial was performed.A total of 100 inpatients undergoing elective colonoscopy were randomized into three groups to receive 4 L PEG(n =35),2 L PEG (n =31)or 2 +1 L PEG(n =34),respectively,on the day of colonoscopy from May to July 2014.Bowel-cleansing efficacy was separately assessed with the Ottawa Scale for the right,middle,and left colon.Total score was obtained by adding the scores for individual evaluation of the three colon segments with the score of overall fluid in the entire colon.All patients filled in a questionnaire and were interviewed about their com-pliance to the assigned bowel preparation,tolerability,and side effects.Results Patients who did not complete the colonoscopy were excluded.A total of 91 patients were included in the last analysis:31 cases of 4 L group,30 cases of 2 L group and 30 cases of 2 +1 L group.The efficacy of bowel-cleansing of the three groups of patients according to the Ottawa Scale were similar(P >0.05),but the excellent and good rate of cleansing quality of the right colon was higher in 4 L group than in 2 L group(P <0.05).Compared with 4 L group and 2 +1 L group,patients in the 2 L group had higher compliance and tolerability,as well as lower rate of side effects(P <0.05 ).Conclusion The efficacy and safety of taking 2 L polyethylene glycol electrolyte solution in bowel-cleansing on the day of colonoscopy is good and suitable for use.Taking 4 L polyethylene glycol electrolyte solution for bowel preparation on the day of colonoscopy is more suitable for patients who are suspected highly with lesions of the right colon.
ABSTRACT
Objective To study the effects of ulinastatin on proinflammatory cytokine and oxygen free radicals during acute lung injury in rabbits. Methods Eighteen health New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into 2 groups: oleic acid group(n=9) and ulinastatin group(n=9). The rabbits of oleic acid group were intravenously injected analytical pure oleic acid(0.12ml/kg) to set up a model of acute lung injury. The rabbits of ulinastatin group were intravenously injected ulinastatin 50000u/kg before injecting oleic acid and received intravenous infusion of ulinastatin 5000u?kg -1 ?h -1 after injecting oleic acid. Before injecting oleic acid and 1h, 2h, 3h and 4h after injecting oleic acid,venous blood samples were taken to determine the concentration of plasma IL-8, MDA and active oxygen,and arterial blood samples were also taken for gas analysis. Results The concentration of IL-8, MDA and active oxygen and PaCO 2 gradually increased,and PaO 2 gradually decreased after injecting oleic acid in the both groups of rabbits. The changes of the above indices in the oleic acid group were larger than those in the ulinastatin group, and the difference between the two groups was significant. Conclusion Ulinastatin inhibited the release of proinflammatory cytokine and reduced the production of oxygen free radicals during acute lung injury.